African American Women and Culture Surrounding Perinatal...

African American Women While child birth should be a time in a women life that is full of joy many soon to be mothers or new mother can experience not so happy emotions that take the joy out of motherhood which usually to leads to a depression. Depression during the perinatal period can be dangerous for the mother and her child. Many have said that perinatal depression is huge among many low income African American women because of their attitudes about being label they don’t seek treatment for this illness. If we can change the thinking of pregnant African American women about depression they will seek the help that they need. In order for any problem to be solve first a person or persons have to know the root of the cause. According to†¦show more content†¦Levels of depression were similar between the African American and Hispanic women†. Different researchers are trying to come up with different alternatives for the battle of depression in African American pregnant women. Kenyon,Hemming, Ingram, Dann, and MacArthur (2012) also conducting a research. They use a randomized controlled trail their research consensus of try to provide evidence that if support are offer to women that may have any social risk factors such as depression their attitudes about seeking out for help will improve. In this study the women were African American women that come from disadvantaged background. This is a research where the researchers are trying to find out how African American women think about perinatal depression prevention in comparison with African American women and white women. The researchers are also trying to figure out African American women are less likely to seek treatment for perinatal depression or to utilize any prevention methods. The researcher hypothesis is that if these women were giving information and different options to care they would seek treatment for preinatal depression either pharmacological or psychotherapy. In this study the researchers target low income African American women. The way that they participates were selected was by the clinic that they received theirShow MoreRelatedMaagang Pagbubuntis Ng Mga Kabataan9395 Words   |  38 Pagesthe previous reading suggests recent infection o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Vaccine can’t be given during pregnancy because It is a live vaccine o  Ã‚  Ã‚  If vaccine is given woman is advised not to get pregnant for 3 months o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Current concern is reinfection o  Ã‚  Ã‚  Newborn born by women w/ rubella are capable of transmitting the virus, therefore isolate    3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  CYTOMEGALOVIRUS o  Ã‚  Ã‚  A member of the herpes virus family o  Ã‚  Ã‚  w/ few maternal symptoms o  Ã‚  Ã‚  droplet infection o  Ã‚  Ã‚  may become latent and then reactivate periodically ï‚ §Ã¯â€š  Ã¯â€š  recurrence

Feminism Through The Ages Throughout History - 1214 Words

Elisa DiOrio English III AP; Per. 1 Mr. Raftery 22 March, 2016 Feminism Through the Ages Throughout history women’s role in society has continuously changed and prospered, and is continuing to alter as time goes on. A role in society more often than not develops to become better or satisfies the people to which it affects. There has not been a time without the need for women and there will never be such a time, for the human race as we know it should in fact go extinct. With such an important role in the reproduction of humans, women were not always held to the standard importance that they possess, and only until recently have they been molded into a role of higher significance. Adrienne Rich’s â€Å"From an Old House in America† is an enlightening poem that depicts women’s roles throughout society from being merely just an object of reproduction to an equivalent specimen as man. Rich describes the development and purpose of women throughout history through the present moment in the old house, the evocations of Richà ¢â‚¬â„¢s personal past, the past of other women who lived in the house prior, and the history of American women. Moreover, Rich begins to look over the physical remnants of those before her, seeing the difficult conditions they were forced to live in. There was short growing seasons and cold hard times in the fields and surrounding land. She began to envision herself living the lives of those who had lived there in the past (Sickels 15-17). As Rich moved through the houseShow MoreRelatedFeminism : Social And Economic Context1086 Words   |  5 PagesThrough many different cultures, women have not been the center of attention. They have always been in the back and it was unknown for them to be in charge or have a status as an important person. I’m going to discuss the struggles and different views through many cultures and the problems that are included with feminism. Cultural feminism was developed from a different type of feminism called radical feminism. Radical feminism is known as the perspective where the male supremacy is not includedRead MoreWhat Is The Importance Of Feminism Essay1265 Words   |  6 PagesFeminism is Equality for All Since the beginning of time, man has ruled our world. It is the man who created fire and lead his people through the dark. It is the man who created the largest ancient Ottoman Empire in which he controlled all provinces, and inhabitants. It is man who made laws restricting the woman from power since the beginning of time. Women have struggled with inequality in this male dominated world since man first roamed this earth. Even though women are gaining equality by enteringRead MoreFeminism Throughout History1698 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism Throughout history, women around the globe have been struggling to gain rights that are equal to men in the society. Women have been struggling to obtain respect, equality, and the same rights men have in the society. However, this has been difficult to them because of patriarchy, an ideology whereby, men are always considered to be superior to women, and have the right to control women. This thought has spread widely among the social structures of the society around the globe and thisRead MoreA Nutshell Solitary Word Is A Basic Human Right1430 Words   |  6 PagesFeminism in a nutshell solitary word is: equality- a basic human right that has been the basis of every social movement throughout history and history to come. In one way or another, every ethnicity, race, and gender has been oppressed in some form. All of the â€Å"-isms† have fought to shed light and bring about change to these â€Å"lesser† groups. Feminists are no exception. Feminism has many branches: radical feminism, cultural feminism, liberal feminism, anti-porn feminism, pro-sex feminism, third-waveRead MoreThe Sexualisation And Popularization Of Feminism Within The 21st Century1296 Words   |  6 Pages The sexualisation and popularization of Feminism within the 21ST century Introduction Feminism as an idea has been actively intersected and integrated within the western mainstream pop culture progressively since the beginning of the 21st century. Some of the largest players in the current mainstream music scene not only identify as feminist but also encourage their millions of fans to do the same. While this could potentially be a positive influence on a movement that has struggled to gain largerRead MoreFeminism Of Different Cultures : Women Without Liberation Essay1622 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism in Different Cultures: Women without Liberation Living in America, women’s rights are known as a sort of liberated revolution, whereas in other countries across the globe, the simplistic idea of self-importance in women is non-existent. For generations, harmful cultural practices have challenged feminist activists to conjure up a plan of action in the aid to help those women suffering in these countries. â€Å"In feminist legal studies, culture is often viewed as a deviation from the path ofRead MoreThe Effects Of Writing On Feminist Theory1375 Words   |  6 Pages The Effects of Writing on Feminist Theory Throughout known history, societies that have developed across the globe have favored men. Men were permitted to be lawyers, doctors, voters, and land-owners; however, one of the most influential, yet underpaid occupations for an individual is the writer. Men have served for centuries as the mouthpiece for truth regarding all things, until early feminists pushed for girls to receive education including key success skills such as readingRead MoreThe And Their Many Variations Essay1124 Words   |  5 PagesFeminisms and their many variations, have a bit of duplicity about them. Critiques of white feminists, straight feminists, and many other identities, create never ending us vs them conversations, leading many to view feminism as a dirty word that just pits people against each other; instead of working towards change. Yet, many of the activities performed by feminist groups, whether self-proclaimed as such or not, are going to be key in moving forward into the future. Feminisms tha t focus on the intersectionalityRead MoreFeminism And Criminology871 Words   |  4 Pagescan prove problematic for feminism. In addition to the labelling of domestic violence, whilst uncovering a variety of key theorists and perspectives. Feminism is crucial to the study of criminology as it takes away traditional explanations of crime and uncovers an entirely different perspective of crime and criminal behaviour. Feminist Criminology contains many different extensions Liberal, Radical, Marxist, Socialist etc.. This essay will focus fairly broadly on feminism as a whole in order to getRead MoreFeminism : The Black Ceiling, Sexual Violence And Domestic Violence1571 Words   |  7 PagesFeminism has been around for centuries. The idea of feminism is always changing. Negative stereotypes seemed to have discredited what it really means to be a feminist. With many problems facing women for the past two centuries, we are starting to make huge strides. The most common problems women and feminists are facing in the United States today are, what being a feminist really means, the gender pay gap, the glass ceiling, sexual violence and domestic violence â€Å"Feminism is the belief in the social

Nature And Animals in their Poetry Essay Example For Students

Nature And Animals in their Poetry Essay Ted Hughes and John Keats are two different poets with similar ideas for their poetry. They both write about nature and animals in their poetry but each have different views on nature and animals. Ted Hughes writes about nature as a dominant force but John Keats has more peaceful views on nature. In this piece of coursework I will compare and contrast the poems done by Ted Hughes, which are The Wind, October Dawn, Hawk Roosting and The Jaguar, with the poems written by John Keats, which are Ode to a Nightingale and To Autumn. Each poet uses a selection of Alliteration, Assonance, Caesura, Similes, Metaphors, Oxymoron, Onomatopoeia, Enjambment and Personification to get their views across about nature and animals. Ted Hughes writes about nature as a very powerful and dominant force. To do this he portrayed it through the elements, and animals. In The Wind he gives the poem a sense of the beauty of the wind. The hills had new places, and wind wielded Blade-light, luminous black and emerald And it also gives a very strong sense of violence of wind and the elements. Through the wind that dented the balls of my eyes. The wind flung a magpie away and a black- Back gull bent like an iron bar slowly. The brunt wind describing the wind as powerful and merciless. The metaphor that dented the balls of my eyes is describing the wind as so strong you could feel your eyes being pushed by the might of the wind. Also the simile a black-back gull bent like a n iron bar slowly is describing the wind being strong enough to blow the birds off course. In October dawn he yet again gives the elements a sense of beauty. First a skin, delicately here Restraining a ripple from the air; And it also gives a sense of power and dominance to the element involved in this poem, Ice. While a fist of cold Squeezes the fire at the core of the world This last quotation from October Dawn is saying that the cold has power enough to freezes the fire at the centre of the earth. October, written by Ted Hughes, is a different view of autumn to John Keats. While Ted Hughes portrays a cold and icy view of autumn. While a fist of cold Squeezes the fire at the core of the world Ted Hughes makes autumn be the beginning of winter. John Keats, however, gives a warm and happy feeling of autumn, as if it is the end of summer. For summer has oer-brimmed their clammy Cells. John Keats gives nature a more tranquil and peaceful view of nature. Dance, and Provencal song, and sunburnt mirth! (Ode to a Nightingale) With a sweet kernel; to set budding more, And still more, later flowers for the bees. (To Autumn) But Ted Hughes gives the impression that nature is very powerful and renders man helpless. In chairs, in front of the great fire, we grip Our hearts and cannot entertain book, thought Or each other (Wind) Man is feeble, frightened and trapped, while the wind is strong, dominant, and powerful. Man is at the mercy of the wind and the elements and nature. John Keats writes about how nature works to the benefit of mankind. Conspiring with him how to load and bless With fruit the vines that round the thatch-eves run: To bend with apples the mossed cottage-trees, (To Autumn) The sun conspires with autumn to produce the fruit, which supplies man with food and drink. In Hawk Roosting, Ted Hughes makes nature out to be selfish and that it has no care for anyone or anything but itself. .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 , .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 .postImageUrl , .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 , .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7:hover , .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7:visited , .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7:active { border:0!important; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7:active , .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7 .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua0689a2105a03419f2dd3e52f8eef7d7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Mimicry In Nature EssayThe convenience of the high trees! The airs buoyancy and the suns ray Are of advantage to me: And the earths face upward for my inspection. Both poets make good use of alliteration, assonance, caesura, similes, metaphors, oxymoron, onomatopoeia and enjambment. In Wind, Ted Hughes uses much enjambment to add more dramatic effect. Floundering black astride and blinding wet Till day rose; Our hearts and cannot entertain book, thought, Or each other. In the first one it is as if wind has carried on through the verse onto the next. Ted Hughes also uses powerful metaphors, similes and personification. Winds stampeding the fields (Wind) Ice Has got its spearhead into place. (October Dawn) John Keats, however, uses a wide selection of everything, but does not use as much personification as Ted Hughes. I conclude that Ted Hughes has a quite different writing style to John Keats. Ted Hughes gives the impression of nature being a juggernaut that none can stand in its way and very powerful and often violent, where as John Keats offers the other personality of nature and how peaceful and gentle it can be.

Marketing Research Design and Data collection methods

In the peer reviewed article written by Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir called â€Å"Ritzer’s McDonaldization and applied qualitative marketing research†, the researchers examine the benefits gained from applying Ritzer’s thesis of McDonaldization to international qualitative marketing research; the reports follows the frameworks and requirements of an academic research work.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Research Design and Data collection methods specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More When discussing the topic the researchers limited their discussion and area of study to efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control; they observed that the three areas are the main policies that McDonald has implemented to remain competitive in the world market. To develop the report, the researchers collected wide range of data, then interpolated it, and analyzed it for the report . In research development, research design and data collection plays crucial parts in collecting and shaping the research (Andy ,Nancarrow , and Vir 2005). This paper analysis the research design and data collection method as was adopted by Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir in the article â€Å"Ritzer’s McDonaldization and applied qualitative marketing research†. Research design Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir used onion research design approach; the main reason why the researchers opted to use the method is its systematic way of collecting data. The method is systematical where the researcher has the task of building his report from one segment to another, but moves after the earlier stage has been wholly been exhausted and results tested to be in consistence with the intended outcomes of the research. Just like an onion, the onion research design method has various layers that a researcher has to undergo through before making inferences and pres enting them in a certain manner; generally the method has five stages or layers. When using onion research design the research can be interpolated in layers like the case of an onion; the initial layer is where the researcher discusses the research question as well as the research philosophy adopted; the next layer which in this case can be referred as the second layer looks into the real situation or the main subject of the research.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With the full understanding of the research question and the subject matter of the case, Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir then moved to the next higher layer; the third layer which is the research strategy. The forth layer concentrated on the time frames that the researchers has to give an account of the research; when analyzing issues in the research, the writers has to move with speed and consider th ings of different parameters. According to the Onion method if research design, the fifth layer gives an account of the research methods adopted, in the case of Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir the methods adopted were both primary and secondary data collection methods (Balnaves and Caputi, 2002) When the writers were considering the case of McDonald, they were interested in analyzing the main strengths that the company has that has made it be able to retain a leadership role in the hospitality industry; with this the researchers were able to develop the background information that they were to analyze. With the understanding of operations of the company, the research took a deductive reasoning approach supported by facts as collected from the field. Deductive reasoning is a research approach method where Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir used a gradual but steady way of collecting information; when using the approach the researchers developed the idea from an k nown angle to a point that needed to be learnt or researched; in this case, the researcher will come from the known point that McDonald has some managing philosophies that have assisted it move to the high ladder of operation; the researchers established the strategies as efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control and seek to establish the lessons that have been learnt from the operations as well as how they can be applied internationally (Burns, 2000). As much as the researchers where interested with McDonaldization, they ensured that the operations of the company has been fully understood and chances that McDonald has some special attributes that has made it be able to use the system was undertook.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Research Design and Data collection methods specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The research design assisted the researchers write a report that can be accepted int ernationally and applicable in different part of the world despite the business systems and structures operating. When using the qualitative method of data collected is more emphasized than the quantity of the data. It is interpretative and descriptive method of data collection. The issue of McDonaldization and its applicability to international marketing as Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir intended to come out is that it has elements of qualitative study; it involved collection of management data then analyzing it to come up with the report. Qualitative research method is adopted in management and social sciences researches as it address the issue wholly and ensure that challenging matters or emerging issues has been addressed effectively. The method is also superior in the sense that it does not focus on the plain facts on the ground but also considers what in-depth matters that might be affecting what can be seen from outside (O’Donnell and David, 2000) The onio n research design assists a researcher to collect rich information about the situation at hand and gather detailed information. In this research, the writers used a combination of research data collection methods to come up with rich data on the area, they used interviews, observations, electronic interviews, focus groups, case studies and wide range of literature review; other than looking at the situation, the method offers room to give effective recommendations management of different companies on the best ways they can use McDonaldization (Creswell, 1998).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More According to the research the writers not only considered the effect that aspects like culture has on people and their choice of products but also seek to understand how businesses made efforts to attract the attention of customers. McDonald was seen as the company that has benefit from the system and seems to have mastered the art of managing the business with people psychology on their minds. The strength of the process is on psychological part where the right approaches to buy the strategy and use it in international marketing was borrowed. Marketing involves persuading people to buy a certain companies products; with this notion and understanding any effort that strengthens relationship of customer and the selling company is always welcomed for business sake. The research design adopted by the research focused on four main subtopic in the main topic, efficiency, calculability, predictability, and control, although the four are interrelated and move together, the researcher was a ble to cover then with some levels of independence when collecting information. Such moves assisted in offering high quality report and adding value to the known literature on McDonaldization and international marketing. Data collection methods To come up with the article, the researchers have to collected wide range of data then interpolate, analyze, and report the data in an acceptable manner. When doing the research on McDonaldization, Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir combined the strengths of both primary and secondary data collection methods. Each method was handled on its own however moves were made after an in-depth understanding of the situation on the ground was understood. Focus groups Focus groups are teams made by a research to discuss about the research questions that the researcher want to handle; the people to a focus group should well understand the situation on the ground regarding the management topic at hand. Under this framework, the researchers held a workshop with global research practitioners consisting of six professionals in management where with some well framed questionnaires they were triggered to discuss various issues that touched on the research variables (Stefanou, 1999). When using focus group as the method of collecting data, the researchers ensured they created an atmosphere that enhanced the participants to offer their views, understanding and points of views in the area. In so doing Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir had to choose a team leader who was intelligent and one who could manage the participants effectively (Patton, 2002). Use of interviews Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir in the research used two senior practitioners as the interviewee to offer in-depth information about the topic and how they felt McDonaldization can be of benefit to other sectors of life. The selection and the choice of the interviewee can be seen as a strategic move by the researchers as they choose those people they were aware or thought they had quality information and knowledge about the research topic; the approach assisted them get high quality data (Bernard, 2006). Other than the oral and face to face interviews, the researchers went a step higher and conducted online interviews â€Å"e-interviews with senior researchers in global markets, notably Europe and Asia (six respondents)†, again the e-interviews were conducted with experts and people who had management knowledge as they would offer insight information about the area of study. In research there are instances that there are many respondents who might have different information; some information may be conflicting, the most important thing to consider when choosing the respondents is their degree of integrity, knowledge, and the willingness they have to give genuine information. In the case of e-interviews Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir ensured that they got information from management scholars and real mana gers on the ground, this assisted in coming up with rich data and information. Literature review Other than collection of data from primary sources the researchers undertook a wide literature review where they considered what other scholars who have writer on the same or similar topic had to say about the topic, when using literature review the researcher gets an in-depth knowledge of the topic thus he can offer concrete report. In the research report the use of literature review or secondary source of information is supported by the statement â€Å"Content analysis of briefs/case histories (the most recent five years of global projects the researchers could access)† (Andy, Nancarrow and Vir, 2005). When reviewing literature review the writers considered management material as wells articles written on specific issue of strategic management like accounting, marketing, sales and advertising. Materials were vetted for relevance and the researcher made sure they were current and handled the issue professionally. When reviewing literature, the writers of the materials to be used is of great importance; at every one instance the researchers should make sure they understand the qualifications and the experience that the writer of material has; in the event that the writer does not have rich knowledge and has not conducted a comprehensive study, then such materials should not be used. The concept of McDonaldization is familiar and is growing in relevance among management scholars; the system of operation of the international company is one that is triggering concerns to scholars. With this notion, some scholars are writing books discussing the management model; these are some of the materials that Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir used to gather secondary data. The internet was another area that data was available about the research area, although some cites were used, the researcher ensured that they were sights with high rate of integrity and writt en by people who understood the topic fully. Cites whose writers could not be vetted or were unknown were avoided as they were not likely to offer in-depth information like the one required by the study. In McDonald website and annual reports, there are some management efficiency reports that are published, these are some of the materials that the researcher used to gather in-depth information on the topic; the main reason why the researcher had to use literature review is because it offered a rich knowledge and understanding of the research topic which is an important element when developing a research work. Despite the fact that a researcher has the question he would like to address, he should always ensure that he gets to understand what other people who have done similar research had said and suggested, with such moves he is able to come up with a report that does not duplicate what other people have said but actually one that adds value to the topic of research. Other methods t hat the researchers would have used To collect data, this research used a survey data collection method supported by wide literature review; survey method of data collection is another way that the researchers would have used to collect data. Survey is data collection methods were questionnaires and/or statistical surveys are conducted on places that will offer quality information about the topic at hand. The people that would have been surveyed include businesses that have similar models with McDonald and get their operation level. With such levels then the concept of McDonaldization would have been discussed into details further. When research is based on survey method of collecting data, the sampling methodology adopted is that survey sampling method; in specific, information was collected from three main categories as of domestic private and public companies, governmental institutions, and the second batch was composed of internationals and Non-governmental organizations. Anothe r method that Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir would have considered is the use of case study; under this approach they would have surveyed and analyzed a company that has adopted McDonaldization to manage its international marketing then compare the same with a company that has other frameworks of management. When such an approach is adopted, it gives the researcher a chance to understand and see what is actually happening on the other side. Other than reviewing how McDonaldization can be adopted in international marketing the researcher has an opportunity to offer a report that can advance the system after learning what other companies are doing; this would have been attained if the researcher had used case study method of data collection. The time frame of the research is another area that would have been improved; the study involved business processes which change with time and space, the researchers would have put the same in mind and undertake a prolonged case study research on the topic (Coakes, 2007). Observation can be like a silent move where the researcher watches trend in business that have McDonaldization and those that do not; they may focus on something like customers flow. Conclusion Andy Barker, Clive Nancarrow, and Jason Vir in their report on how to implement McDonaldization to international qualitative marketing research used primary and secondary data collection method to gather in-depth information for their qualitative research. Primary data collection method used includes interview (both oral and electronic), focus groups, and discussion groups. When choosing the respondents in primary data collection method, the researchers ensured that they used people who understood the topic well such as scholars and other management personnel. Secondary data collection method aimed at gathering existing information on the research topic to assist the researchers offer high quality report. References Andy, B., Nancarrow, C., and Vir, J. , 2005. Ritzer’s McDonaldization and applied qualitative marketing research. Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, 8(3), Pp. 296-311 Balnaves, M. and Caputi, P.,2002. Introduction To Quantitative Research Methods: An Investigative Approach. London: Sage. Bernard, H. R. ,2006. Research methods in anthropology: qualitative and quantitative approaches. G – Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series. Rowman Altamira. Burns, R.B.,2000. Introduction to Research Methods. London: Sage Coakes, 2007. SPSS version 14 for windows: Analysis without Anguish. New York: John Wiley and Sons Ltd Creswell, J., 1998. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications. Creswell, J., 2003. Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications. Marble, P. ,2003. A system implementation study: management commitment to project man agement. Information Management, 41(1), pp. 111-123. O’Donnell, E. and David, J.,2000. How information systems influence user decisions: a research framework and literature review. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 1(3), PP. 178-203. Patton, Q. ,2002. Qualitative research evaluation methods (3rd edition). Thousand Oaks, California: Sage Publications Stefanou, J. ,1999. The complexity and the research area of AIS. Journal of Enterprise Information Management, 19,(1/2), PP.1-23. This essay on Marketing Research Design and Data collection methods was written and submitted by user Krish Sullivan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Write a Persuasive Speech

How to Write a Persuasive Speech Here are some key points to consider when you need to know how to write a persuasive speech. First, RESEARCH – it is essential that you develop research with a critical eye, persuasion is rarely successfully when the information you gather is easily disproven by peer-reviewed sources or up-to-date results. Next, it is a contest – a persuasive speech has a primary objective – to prove that your viewpoint is the viewpoint that your audience should have – whether in defense of a new technology or in defense of some atrocity that you would not prefer to defend. You must persuade your audience into believing that your particular viewpoint is the right viewpoint. Most students will be challenged at some time during their academic career to write a persuasive speech for some subject that they do not particularly agree with –whether regarding the success of the Hitler regime, polluting the oceans, or even abortion; however, the goal is not to convince you that you should believe, the goal of the persuasive speech is to demonstrate the power of the spoken word and how to provide evidence in support of your particular assigned viewpoint. Nearly every subject ever to exist has two sides, and each side will be heard at some point or other. When you need to know how to write a persuasive speech, begin by reading argumentative articles from your school’s database on the topic. Next, while you are writing your persuasive speech try to consider what you would want to know to understand the topic well enough to pick sides – information is the key to persuasion. Provide the information, factually, from reliable sources that defend your points; however, have defenses against the opposite points handy as well.

Review of Timeline by Michael Crichton

Review of Timeline by Michael Crichton The purpose of history is to explain the presentto say why the world around us is the way it is. History tells us what is important in our world, and how it came to be. Michael Crichton, Timeline Ill admit it right up front: I dont like historical fiction much. When authors are sloppy in their research, I find the inaccuracies distracting enough to ruin what might otherwise be a good story. But even when the representation of the past is largely authentic (and to be fair, there are some extraordinary authors who really know their stuff), fictionalization makes history much less enjoyable for me. What can I say? Im a hopeless history buff. Every minute I spend reading fiction is a minute Id rather spend learning historical fact. Heres another confession: Im not a big fan of Michael Crichton. I do find good science fiction fascinating (a genre that pushes the edges of what if is as mind-expanding for me as a scholarly discipline that asks what really happened). And Crichton isnt a bad writer, but none of his works has ever made me sit up and say, Wow! While his ideas can be intriguing, they all seem to make much better movies. Whether this is because his style lacks the immediacy of film or because I have to spend less time plowing my way through the story I have yet to decide. So, as you can well imagine, I was predisposed to despise Crichtons semi-historical novel Timeline. The Up Side of  Timeline Surprise! I liked it. The premise was appealing, the action was gripping, and the ending was dramatically satisfying. Some of the cliffhangers and segues were very nicely executed. While there wasnt a single character I could identify with or even like very much, I was pleased to see some character development as a result of the adventure.  The good guys grew more likable; the bad guys were really bad. Best of all, the medieval setting was mostly accurate, and well-realized to boot. This alone makes the book a worthwhile read, especially for those who are unfamiliar or only somewhat familiar with the Middle Ages. (Unfortunately, this is a rather large percentage of the population.) Crichton effectively points up some common misconceptions about medieval life, presenting the reader with a vivid picture that is at times much more attractive, and at other times much more frightening and repellent, than that generally presented to us in popular fiction and film. Of course there were errors; I cant imagine an error-free historical novel. (Fourteenth-century people larger than modern folk? Not likely, and we know this from the skeletal remains, not surviving armor.) But for the most part, Crichton really managed to bring the Middle Ages alive. The Down Side of  Timeline I did have some problems with the book. Crichtons usual technique of expanding the cutting-edge technology of today into a believable science-fiction premise fell sadly short. He spent too much effort trying to convince the reader that time travel could be possible, then used a theory that struck me as internally inconsistent. Though there may be an explanation for this apparent flaw, it was never addressed clearly in the book. I suggest you avoid a close examination of the technology and accept it as a given in order to enjoy the story more. Furthermore, the characters who were surprised by the realities of the past were people who should have known better. The general public may think the Middle Ages were uniformly filthy and dull; but encountering examples of good hygiene, splendid interior decor or swift swordplay shouldnt surprise a medievalist. This makes the characters not very good at their jobs or, worse, it presents the erroneous impression that historians dont bother with the details of material culture. As an amateur medievalist, I find this rather annoying. Im sure professional historians would be downright insulted. Still, these are aspects of the book that are easy to overlook once the action is truly underway. So get ready for an exciting ride into history. Update Since this review was written in March of 2000, Timeline was made into a feature-length, theatrical-release movie, directed by Richard Donner and starring Paul Walker, Frances OConnor, Gerard Butler, Billy Connolly and David Thewlis. It is now available on DVD. Ive seen it, and its fun, but it hasnt broken into my list of Top 10 Fun Medieval Films. Michael Crichtons now-classic novel is available in  paperback, in  hardcover, on  audio CD  and in a  Kindle edition  from Amazon. These links are  provided as a convenience to you; neither Melissa Snell nor About is responsible for any purchases you make through these links.

Program for clients who have an ACL tear Research Paper

Program for clients who have an ACL tear - Research Paper Example The buildup of glucose in blood results in malfunctioning of the body cells. Excess sugar in the blood may also result in damage to the nerves and blood vessels, especially the small vessels supplying the eyes, kidneys, and heart. Damage to these vital connective tissues causes hardening of the arteries and atherosclerosis. Sometimes such patients end up developing a life threatening complication called diabetic coma. Diabetic coma results when the patients become dehydrated and very ill. A rise in sugar level in the blood can result to frequent urination that causes dehydration. Symptoms of type 2 diabetes usually present as excess thirst, constant hunger, and frequent micturation. Type 2 diabetes mellitus is managed through exercise and dietary changes. Metformin is administered in cases where the blood sugar level is not adequately controlled. Type 2 diabetic patients should have a stress-free life. They are to take breaks at their place of work and try doing exercises such as yoga, pranayama, breathing exercise, and other music therapies. Such exercises are essential in the management of stress. Exercise the best decision for a diabetic person. Varieties of benefits achieved from exercising include; control of the sugar level, burning of cholesterol, improving muscle strength, and decreasing the blood pressure. It also boosts energy and control stress. Exercises such as walking make the muscles and heart stronger. Walking or jogging three to seven days a week for 100 minutes or 3 days a week for 80 minutes is recommended. Weight lifting in a gymnasium, three days a week is also effective (Tuomi, p. 20) The patients need to take well-balanced meals and avoid jaggery and sugary meals. The patient should be allowed to carry sweets when out training. Sweets are consumed in situations where the blood sugar level moves below normal. They are not to miss exercise programs. Exercise helps the body to sense

Design a factory Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Design a factory - Dissertation Example The report reflects a very significant aspect of industrial engineering advancement. The research is tied around dyeing and molding methods used by industries to reduce production and change over time between productions of different parts. The parts under consideration over here are car bumpers of two cars, namely Toyota and Nissan UK. A hypothetical factory will be explained which works on the Just-In-Time principle to produce and deliver car bumpers to production line of the said companies in the UK. MOLDING AND DYEING First, let us start with the building block of this review paper. Mould or molding is the initial way or increasing production rate in factory. This is not the sole reason but a part of the reason. The process of molding can be defined as the process of shaping raw material using different means, which have been developed over the years in industrial revolutions and beyond by experimentation and innovation. The caste is the second term which has to be explained. Com ing towards the role of the mould or the caste. It is, in simple terms, a hollow shape of the actual part, which has to be produced or manufactured. The raw material, with proper heating and other scientific methods, is poured into the caste, which in terms forms the desired part. The earlier part of the report explains molding as a very simple form of technique, but now it has evolved into a complete science, rather modern art. Injection molding is a industrial process for producing similar parts from thermoplastic and thermosetting plastic material. Heated material is poured into a mold cavity to produce the exact part. The caste is then engineered to perfection for running production. This technique is used vastly now in industries and production houses to produce variety of parts, from the smallest of parts to the very panels on the car, Douglas (1996, pp. 43). The part under discussion in this report is a car bumper that will be produced for two companies, on being Nissan and t he other being Toyota. An Injection molding machine is simply a mechanical device invented to take the human factor out of the process of injection molding to as far an extent as possible and in this case, it is related to the bumper of the two car companies. A basic assumption has to be made for the hypothesis about the number of parts manufactured in this factory. The number of parts that this factory produces is four. Two being the front bumpers and two rear for both Toyota and Nissan respectively. EQUIPMNT REQUIRED The machines that would be required to fulfill the demand of two companies with two bumpers (front and rear) respectively will need a minimum of 4 machines to bring about a constant production. As the factory works on just-in-time principle, the raw material will be forecasted and put on demand just when it is needed, hence reducing the cost of storage and constant manning of the resources. The best machine that will be used for fast processing and manufacture of simi lar parts will be plastic injection molding machine, with the die constructed on order from the owner. As the bumper designs will be provided by Nissan and Toyota, hence a machine is needed which is software operated and the design can be changed according to the demand. The machine that is going to be installed in the factory will be Fangheng, model FH-AB06 produced by Taizhou Huangyan Fangheng Plastic Moulds Co., Ltd. The machine has been chosen after a lot of

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert Frost Essay Example for Free

Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening by Robert Frost Essay Robert Frost constructed this poem with four stanzas in iambic tetrameter. Frost’s rhyme scheme is intriguing; the first, second, and fourth lines of each stanza rhyme, where as the third rhymes with the next set of first, second, and fourth lines. Although, this pattern is broken in the fourth and final stanza, where Frost rhymes all the lines with the third line in the third stanza. To finish off the poem, the fifteenth line is repeated as the last line (aaba, bbcb, ccdc, dddd). The poem’s title is a very straightforward description of the poem itself, since it says exactly what is going on in the delicately placed An Explication of Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening Robert Frost constructed this poem with four stanzas in iambic tetrameter. Frost’s rhyme scheme is intriguing; the first, second, and fourth lines of each stanza rhyme, where as the third rhymes with the next set of first, second, and fourth lines. Although, this pattern is broken in the fourth and final stanza, where Frost rhymes all the lines with the third line in the third stanza. To finish off the poem, the fifteenth line is repeated as the last line (aaba, bbcb, ccdc, dddd). The poem’s title is a very straightforward description of the poem itself, since it says exactly what is going on in the delicately placed words below it. Starting with the first stanza, the speaker decides to stop in the woods to, â€Å"To watch [it] fill up with snow† (Frost). He believes that he is acquainted with the owner of these woods; though the owner does not reside there but, â€Å"his house is in the village† (Frost). Therefore, the speaker is not worried about the owner spotting him on his property enjoying a tranquil moment on his journey. words below it. Starting with the first stanza, the speaker decides to stop in the woods to, â€Å"To watch [it] fill up with snow† (Frost). He believes that he is acquainted with the owner of these woods; though the owner does not reside there but, â€Å"his house is in the village† (Frost). Therefore, the speaker is not worried about the owner spotting him on his property enjoying a tranquil moment on his journey.

Civil Rights, Equality and the Music of Nina Simone Essay -- Autobiogr

Nina Simone used music to challenge, provoke, incite, and inform the masses during the period that we know as the Civil Rights Era. In the songs† Four Women†, â€Å"Young Gifted and Black†, and Mississippi God Damn†, Nina Simone musically maps a personal "intersectionality" as it relates to being a black American female artist. Kimberly Crenshaw defines "intersectionality" as an inability for black women to separate race, class and gender. Nina Simone’s music directly addresses this paradigm. While she is celebrated as a prolific artist her political and social activism is understated despite her front- line presence in the movement. According to Ruth Feldstein â€Å"Nina Simone recast black activism in the 1960’s.† Feldstein goes on to say that â€Å"Simone was known to have supported the struggle for black freedom in the United States much earlier, and in a more outspoken manner around the world than had many other African Ame rican entertainers.† Her family ties to the south, her unique talent, her ability to travel and make money are similar to the Blues women movement that preceded her. It can be said that Nina Simone goes a step further the by directly attacking inequities pertaining to race and gender in her music. However, what distinguishes her is her unique musicianship and that is what ultimately garners her massive exposure and experiences than those of her past contemporaries. Like the Blues women Simone expands ideas pertaining to self-expression, identity and beauty as they relate to black women. She does this by embracing what is definitively African American and connecting that to a historical context. By doing so she is the embodiment of a political statement. Her journey which began like many entertaine... ...utobiography Of Nina Simone, Da Capo Press; 2003. Additional Sources Consulted: Brooks, Daphne A. . "Nina Simone's Triple Play." Callaloo. 35.4 (2011): 176-194. Web. 11 Feb. 2013. . Lewis, Andrea. "Nina Simone remains a powerful inspiration for black women." Progressive. (2003): n. page. Web. 11 Feb. 2013. . Simone, Nina, perf. Mississippi Goddam. 1964. Song. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fVQjGGJVSXc Simone, Nina, perf. To Be Young, Gifted and Black. 1970. Song. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h3OIfuVpocU Simone, Nina, perf. Four Women, 1966. Song. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nf9Bj1CXPH8 Tsuruta, Dorothy Randall. "`I Ain't About To Be Non-Violent, Honey.'." Black Scholar 29.2/3 (1999): 54. MasterFILE Premier. Web. 11 Feb. 2013.

Deforestation in Costa Rica Essay

Costa Rica is famous for it’s rainforests and vast biodiversity and ecosystems, including 12,000 species of plants, 1,239 species of butterflies, 838 species of birds, 440 species of reptiles and amphibians, and 232 species of mammals (Wikipedia), which overtime have become under threat due to deforestation. Since the end of World War II, 80 percent of Costa Rican forests have disappeared (Wikipedia). Various companies are cutting down forests, to provide land for there fruit plantations and cattle ranches. During the 1990s, Costa Rica had one of the worst deforestation rates in the world. Clearing out forests is causing flooding, desertification, sedimentation in rivers, loss of wildlife diversity, and is the number one contributor to global warming. The country has laws protecting certain areas of the forests, but only 25 percent of Costa Rican forests are completely protected from companies due to lenient laws (Viva Costa Rica). Businesses that are clearing out Costa Rican forests are contributing to the destruction of the earth’s environment. Beef production is the largest cause of deforestation in Costa Rica. Approximately 60 percent of Costa Rica has been cleared out to make room for cattle ranching (Algee, â€Å"Cattle Ranching†). During the 1960s, problems worsened when the United States offered Costa Rican cattle ranchers millions of dollars in loans to produce beef (Viva Costa Rica), so all the ranchers had the forests cleared for space for more cattle. After Costa Rica stopped shipping cattle to the U. S. , the country was left with bare spots, where trees were cleared out, and most of the cattle was moved to the Pacific Northwest side of Costa Rica. Fruit plantations are the second largest cause of deforestation in Costa Rica, specifically banana plantations. Banana plantations now cover 130,000 acres of previously forested land in Costa Rica (Guadua Bamboo). Bananas are Costa Rica’s main moneymaking industry. While certain conservation laws have been passed to protect areas from banana farming in Costa Rica, the government lacks the resources to enforce them. The banana industry is known for its dangerously high use of pesticides, which in the 1970s, caused thousands of plantation workers to become sterile (Guadua Bamboo). These pesticides used to maintain fruits, may enter the water systems and contaminate the water. Nutrient balance in the soil is also disrupted by the removal of the rainforests to make way for fruit plantations, by exhausting the soils and leaving them weak. Weak soil makes it challenging to maintain the land for agriculture. When a ground surface is stripped of vegetation, the upper soils becomes helpless to water erosion. Costa Rica loses about 860 million tons of valuable topsoil every year (Mongabay). Forests have a natural ability to absorb water when it rains, and release it slowly into rivers. Without the vast amounts of vegetation, flash floods are caused, the water rushes into the rivers, taking the sediment with it. Once the sediment builds up, the water no longer flows, and it floods the areas. The increased sediment load of rivers suffocates fish eggs, causing lower hatch rates, reducing the fishing industry. Erosion also destroys roads and highways that cross through the forest. The government does not shut down the roads, but must rebuild them repeatedly, using money that could be used more productively elsewhere. Deforestation is the number one cause of global warming. In his article â€Å"Deforestation: The Hidden Cause of Global Warming†, Daniel Howden explains â€Å"Carbon emissions from deforestation far outstrip damage caused by planes and automobiles and factories †¦ deforestation accounts for up to 25 percent of global emissions of heat-trapping gases, while transport and industry account for 14 percent each; and aviation makes up only 3 percent of the total† Deforestation results in the immediate release of carbon stored in trees as carbon-dioxide emissions. Trees are 50 percent carbon. When they are felled or burned, the carbon dioxide they store escapes back into the air. Carbon dioxide helps absorb heat; therefore too much carbon dioxide results in global warming. Costa Rica has an amazing conservation program that protects more than 10 percent of the country (Mongabay). One protected strip of forest runs for 40 miles, through nine ecological zones. The country presented a plan in 1995; to protect 18 percent of the country in national parks and another 13 percent in privately owned preserves. The country is targeting to protect the areas with the most biodiversity. The government funds the project by issuing landowners forest protection certificates, which will annually pay landowners about $50 for every 2. 5 acres of forest, with the agreement that the forest will be protected. In 2005, another program added Costa Rica to which wealthy nations were called to compensate poor nations for rainforest conservation. The amount of Costa Rican land deforested annually has declined since 1977, by 118,158 acres (Wikipedia). Around two-thirds of Costa Rica’s remaining rainforests are now protected. Companies that are felling trees in Costa Rican forests are destroying the earth’s environment. These companies that contribute to deforestation are killing various species, and are ultimately harming the earth itself through greenhouse gas emissions. Costa Rica is doing a great job repairing their forests, and making sure that certain areas will remain untouched. Last year, the country passed a law that will decentralize their decision-making. The efforts the country is making to stop deforestation, is causing Costa Rica to stand out and show their commitment toward environmental and natural resources issues.

Why Secondary Kids Act in a Laddish Behaviour

Context and concepts Paul Willis conducted a study called â€Å"Learning to labour† in 1977 in which he studied 12 working class students in their last 18 months at a school in the West-Midlands, the methods he used were observation and participant observation. The boys he studied were known as the â€Å"lads†. These boys knew what they needed to do in order to achieve and get qualifications but instead they chose to reject school and developed laddish behaviour, because they believed that education was unmasculine and uncool and that they would get a job even if they didn’t have any qualifications. They thought that manual labour was more worthy than work at a desk or an office. This is where my first concept â€Å"laddism† stems from. This is a male script of toughness which is characterised by negative feelings towards school. Willis found that there were two types of pupils in the class, the â€Å"earoles† who commit themselves to their education and the lads who took little notice of school rules, teachers and work, instead they thought school was all about having a â€Å"laff†. These are all coping strategies the boys had developed in order to cope and minimize the boredom of school and the future routine based jobs they would ultimately end up in. The boys thought that manual labour was more worthy than work at a desk or office. Mitsos and Brown also looked at why boys underachieve in education and thought it was mainly due to what teachers expected of them, which leads me to my second concept â€Å"teacher expectations†. They found that teachers tend to be less strict with boys, expecting low standards of work from them, leading them to underachieve as they failed to push them to achieve their full potential. This also means that the boys started to become overconfident and also started to overestimate their abilities to do something and so making themselves believe that they don’t need to work as hard in order to gain qualifications. Boys were also more likely to be sent out of the classroom or get expelled (80% are boys) from school than girls, which means they lose valuable school time. Another reason for their underachieve could be due to the decline in manual labour, which has resulted in them losing their motivation as they see little point ion education as it wont lead them to the type of job they seek. The lack of opportunities for these young men has given them a low self-esteem. It is these problems which have lead to an â€Å"identity crisis for menâ€Å". As there is a rise in the more â€Å"female† jobs and a decline in the more traditional â€Å"male† jobs, the future of some males look bleak as they lack a clear purpose. On the other hand according to Hargreaves et al the underachievement of boys in education may be due to the way the pupils are perceived by the teachers. Hargreaves at al analysed the processes that led to pupils being classified, and they put forward three stages which are: ? Speculation- this is where the teachers make presumptions about the type of pupils they are dealing with, this leads to the formation of a hypothesis. ? Elaboration- It is here that the established hypothesis is either gradually confirmed or rejected. ? Stabilisation- when this stage is reached the teacher will feel like that they are familiar with the type of pupil they are dealing with. It is this third stage of stabilisation, where the behaviour of the pupil is compared against the type of pupil they are thought to be. If some pupils are regarded as being badly behaved, then it will be hard for their good behaviour to be seen, which is the â€Å"labelling theory†. Nevertheless it is the predictions made by the teacher that has lead to the â€Å"self-fulfilling prophecy†, where the pupils start to live up to the predictions that the teacher have made about them, which is my fourth concept. So if a teacher labels pupils as being bright and expects a higher standard of work from them then these pupils will start to believe they are indeed bright and as a result work hard and obtain good examination results. Thus the actions of pupils are partly a refection of what teacher expect from them. Sociologists Rosenthal and Jacobson decided to carry out an experiment which lasted over a year, which was designed to test the â€Å"labelling† and â€Å"self-fulfilling prophecy† theories and how they affected educational achievement . They conducted their study in an elementary school were they selected 20% of the students, whom they expected to show rapid academic growth. In order to prove this they tested the IQ of the pupils before and one year after the experiment started and the selected pupils had gained IQ. Rosenthal and Jacobson explained that this was due to the teacher conveying the message that the selected sample had more potential than the rest. This led to the sample believing that they were capable of achieving highly and live up to the label they were given and subsequently led to the self-fulfilling prophecy. Main research methods and reasons The main method of research that would be most suited to my topic is non-participant observation in a classroom. Paul Willis also used non-participant observation when he was conducting his research in order to see boys behave in a â€Å"laddish† way. I will take up an iinterpretivist approach like Willis, where I will collect my qualitative data rather than quantitive data. This type of research method could help me explore the concepts of â€Å"teacher’s expectations†, as teachers can show different attitudes to the two opposite sexes which could lead to underachievement and form â€Å"laddish† behaviour. While observing I will be looking out for signs of â€Å"laddish† behaviour and levels of standards that are set by the teacher and if this affects the amount of work that is produced by the pupils. For example teachers tend to be less strict with boys and they tolerate low standards of work from them, which leads to them overestimating their abilities and they become overconfident and not work hard enough in order to achieve highly, which links to my second concept of â€Å"teacher’s expectations† Before I operationalise my research method I will need to design an observational framework that meets the needs of my research and that corresponds to my contextual studies. It will also help me to be consistent in what I observe. The things that I will need to look out for are: they way that the pupils are seated, the amount of times that the lesson has been stopped due to disturbance and if this was mostly from boys, and how the badly behaved pupils react to the good kids, do they bully them? Also I will be looking at the way that the boys contribute to the lessons, are they keen to learn? This will show that the boys are behaving in a â€Å"laddish† way, which operationalises my first concept. However before I officially observe the classes I will conduct a pilot study in which I will test the efficiency of my observational framework. In this research I will be observing four English classes all in year 11. all four classes will be observed in the second period of the morning through the week, as pupils tend to be more focused in the morning on a Monday compare to a morning on a Friday. Before I can observe a class I will need to gain permission from the subject teacher. Then I will enter the classroom before the pupils get there and sit somewhere unobtrusive where hopefully students will not pay too much attention to me, which would also improve my data. Whilst observing the class I might also come across situations where issues of confidentiality are raised. Potential problems Potential problems that could be met while conducting my research are that the behaviour of some pupils and teachers might change as the sense the presence of a stranger in the classroom. This could mean that I will not be obtaining accurate or valid data to show why boys are underachieving in education. The data obtained will be qualitative which means that I will not be able generalise the findings to the wider society, which means that my study will lack ecological validity. Another problem could be getting the permission to observe these classes, the teacher might not be comfortable with the fact that I will be observing their class while they are teaching and so refuse me access, leaving me with no data. Also there might be timetabling issues, which means that I may not be able to observe the class I intended to, because my timetable might not let me, as I can also have lessons at that particular period of the day. While observing the class I will record my findings on an observational framework and as I am doing this I might miss some crucial events that have taken place while I was recording my data. Due to this I might also end up being biased and focus only on certain events or even add my own interpretations to actions, which means that I will be selective as I am trying to prove a point. During the time I am in the classroom observing I may come across an event that has taken place in my presence which is serious and so automatically I am put in a position where I have to take a certain action which can be: do I report what has happened, or do I keep it to myself as the teacher has allowed into their classroom, do they expect me to be trustworthy? So issues of confidentiality may arise.

Evidence Based Practice Matrix Essays

Evidence Based Practice Matrix Essays Evidence Based Practice Matrix Essay Evidence Based Practice Matrix Essay Mindsets of nurses regarding competency will take a part in shaping how competent they will be research planned to create greater research 507 Perception of how nurses see manager/lea deer/ vs.. How managers perceive themselves Discrepancies were recognized in how managers/leaders saw themselves in addition to how the staff see them Managers/Leaders ought to partake in evaluations of themselves as seen from their staff perspective. Important info is obtained by observation of how impotency research criteria has been utilized Comments Recriminating, M. , Laboratory, Enormousness, Madrigal Tortes, Stern, D. Frown, Grouper, Autobiographer an, R. , Krieger, A. Parakeets, Floral, A ANA CANAL 2013 2009 325 153 57 Evaluated responses to competency testing in Evidence based practice in based on different levels of nursing experience Comparison of students behaviors related to professional ism during and after a program nurses experiences and its relationship to increa sing competence as they advance in their profession Examined how leaders focused on the proficiency of students Instrument utilized was a success in examining fluctuating degrees of knowledge concerning evidence based practice EBPP is a needed skill to nursing and competence in applying it need to be evaluated on a regular basis Pertinent to topic because instrument existing in undergrad nursing to evaluate competencies Greatest predictor to for-see professional conduct such as complying with competencies was with the program itself Professionalism of nurse can be predicted by how well nurse conformed to nursing Little connection to the topic but show regards when crafting a framework Professional progresses gradually Results implied the nurse was the leader in the process of attaining competencies, even though 5 major phases did appear to be essential to the competence process of development Pertinent to topic as additional method to appraising competencies and crafting instruments to test competencies Nursing leaderships association with technology could be efficient, but leaders need to create Results recommended structural model to utilize for competency testing by the way of Little connection to topic. Very little among assessing competency of individual nursing dents taking online assessments and abiding y by nursing principles Wilson, Carriers. Mosaics subhead, Carols, 15 Assessment of nursing staff in creating proper s for managing client and family relations 108 sees of in productive and efficient communicate ion with patients and families accurate components to the programs

Announcing the Worlds Ultimate Book Title Generator Reedsy

Announcing the Worlds Ultimate Book Title Generator Reedsy Announcing the World's Ultimate Book Title Generator Titling a book is a bit similar to picking a Fantasy Football team: you're never sure which one’s the perfect fit and you end up trashing sixty combinations in the end, anyway. But the good news is that you’re not alone if you’re stressed about your book title. Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice started out as First Impressions. Ernest Hemingway spent months discarding titles before deciding on A Sun Also Rises. Then there was George Orwell, who once planned to title the now-iconic 1984 as The Last Man in Europe. We’re familiar with the struggle, which is why we’re pleased to announce our book title generator: a resource for anyone who’s in need of some title inspiration. It’s got something for everyone, whether you’re dabbling in fantasy, mystery, romance, science fiction, and thriller. Best of all, it stores 10,000+ titles, so you’ll never run out of potential titles again!service@reedsy.com!Any questions about ti tling your book? Leave them in the comments below.

The color purple Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

The color purple - Research Paper Example It'd kill your mammy" (1). What Celie is forbidden to articulate publicly is her repeated rape by the man she believes to be her father; this violation of both Celie's body and her voice speaks of an underlying socio-linguistic censorship that relegates the female subject to an objectified position, as passive, absent, and silent. In this paradigm the maternal must be sacrificed if the subject is to speak. The relationship between Celie and Alphonso illustrates this phenomenon, as the paternal interdiction relies upon the premise that if Celie speaks, she is forsaking her "mammy" (1). Celie comes to represent this forced contract between a woman and the Law of the Father, where a female's body, spirit, and speech are sacrificed in an act of socio-symbolic rape; however, as Celie's subversive authorship suggests, it is a sacrifice she is unwilling to make. In her article "Women's Time," Julia Kristeva speaks of the role language plays in violating female subjectivity; she states, "a n ew generation of women is showing that its major social concern has become the socio-symbolic contract as a sacrificial contract, †¦that they are forced to experience this sacrificial contract against their will" (Kristeva’ ‘Women’s Time’ 25). ... e, identification with the sacrificial logic of separation and syntactical sequence at the foundation of language and the social code leads to the rejection of the symbolic--lived as the rejection of the paternal function and ultimately generating psychoses" (Kristeva’ ‘Women’s Time’ 25). The psychoses that Kristeva identifies can be seen as reflecting hysterical discontent, as a conflict of gender that is realized through linguistic disruption. Kristeva posits two possible strategies to counter the exclusion and silence experienced by women: the first, to attempt to possess the symbolic by adopting the dominant ideology; the second, to approach language as a "personal affect experienced when facing it as subject and as a woman" (Kristeva’ ‘Women’s Time’ 24). Such an approach suggests a need to "break the code, to shatter language, to find a specific discourse closer to the body and emotions, to the unnamable repressed by the soci al contract" (Kristeva’ ‘Women’s Time’ 24-25). Kristeva's perspective of language posits a revolt against the exclusion of the symbolic contract. In About Chinese Women, Kristeva identifies women as able "to give a name" to the repressed, as able to restore the body back to a place of significance (Kristeva ‘About Chinese Women’ 30-35). In this context, the body becomes intertwined with Kristeva's notion of the semiotic, as a sort of expression that exists outside of the symbolic, preceding language while simultaneously existing within language, albeit in a repressed form. Semiotic discourse moves beyond the symbolic by opposing structures of exclusion. The mother-child bond becomes the definitive relationship of semiotic discourse, as it exists beyond binary differences of gender and sexuality. When viewed in this

The Paradoxical Relationship Between Atheism and Communism Term Paper

The Paradoxical Relationship Between Atheism and Communism - Term Paper Example On the other hand, communism was a sociopolitical movement which was made famous by Karl Marx in the early 19th century. This movement was related by Marx as the solution to the problems which the world was facing back then, and still is, the rich getting richer and the poor getting poorer. Marx suggested that there should be a system in which all material goods are owned by the entire community so that the poor are not working to make the rich even richer. The society would have no class and the resources would be used keeping in mind the best interests of everyone (Marx & Engels, 1948). The relation between communism and atheism emerges where Karl Marx states, â€Å"Religious suffering is, at one and the same time, the expression of real suffering and a protest against real suffering. Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people.† It needs to be noted here that communism, th e idea which was proposed by Karl Marx is the one which incorporates atheism into it. Atheism does not incorporate into it any kind of social or political belief or agenda. Thus the relationship which is being discussed here is of the involvement of the idea that religion is detrimental to the human in communism. While atheism negates the idea of a religion being in anyway beneficial to man, it itself provides a belief system along with a set of rules to follow, in short, it provides a religion. While religion may make a man secondary to a deity or a God, it makes every man secondary to a power which is far greater than man himself where as communism in giving man the power to make his own decisions, provides him with a system to which he is secondary, a system that is ultimately run by a human. And as someone so eloquently put it, as long as it is human, it is flawed (Markham, 2010). While supposedly giving humans who are poor the freedom to not be forced to bring up their children in less then desirable conditions, communism impresses upon them the importance of following the system, again, where it gives freedom in one way, it takes it away on the other hand. One can say, while looking at this, that atheism while denying religion and grading it the root of all evils, provides to the people a system of belief. One very much like a religion, that would give people hope that someone up their, whether in the skies or sitting on a chair is looking out for their freedom and betterment. Here, atheism in relation to communism contradicts itself. While it denies people the right to follow a deity of their choice, it forces them to follow one which it puts into place. And while it claims that the human mind is free and should be developed enough not to believe in a deity or anything supernatural, it also makes it very clear that there is indeed a higher power which is communism (Marx & Engels, 1948). The problem which arises when communism and atheism are discussed i n relation to each other is the fact that all definitions of communism are decidedly vague. While it explains very clearly why communism would work, it does not say how. It explains how religion could be detrimental, but does not say why. There are no set of rules which put communism into action, thus the derivations of communism were many and varied. And by co-incidence or by pure irony,

Chapter 3 Review and Discussion Question Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Chapter 3 Review and Discussion Question - Essay Example While most manufacturing processes are automated, the service organizations cannot adopt this process. Lastly, manufacturing demands physical location for production of products, whereas service designers are least bothered about this aspect. For a good service, the designer should keep in mind factors like legitimacy of services, access to potential clients, competitors in the market, price ranges, cost of maintaining services and demand in the markets. Mass customization refers to the combination of two business practices commonly referred to as craft production and the mass production. Being directed at providing maximum satisfaction to the customers, the practice promotes the notion of providing individualized products to customers with mass production efficiency. Although the application of the notion of mass customization appears promising, there are a number of challenges related to this concept. The challenges that arise secondary to the application of this process may be regarded as being internal complexities or external complexities. External complexities arise when customers face difficulties regarding customization of their ordered products. The uncertainty associated with this process is often the cause of dissatisfaction for the client. Internal complexities on the other hand are related to the internal functions of the company regarding designing of products that are customizable enough to meet the customer’s demands. Due to wide product range and variety that results secondary to mass customization, the company faces internal complexities that may hinder its smooth

Relationship between self esteem, depression and anger

Relationship between self esteem, depression and anger The relationship between self-esteem, depression and anger has been an ongoing debate among researchers and theorists for years. In fact, self and identity are concerned largely with the question: Who am I? and self is blend by both personal and social identities. Self-hood is almost unthinkable outside a social context (Baumeister, 1998). When groups or social identities provide a person with stability, positive meaning or positive distinctiveness (us versus them distinctions), a sense of worth and direction, then this will typically have positive implications for that individuals psychological well-being/mental health (Kirmayer, Brass Tait, 2002; Reitzes Mutran, 2002; Scheff, 2001). Howevre low sense of worth can have negative implications for an individuals psychological and mental well-being. Paradise Kernis (2002) examined the extent to which self-esteem level and self-esteem stability predicted scores on multiple measures of psychological well-being. Many researchers like Kaplan, (1982); Rosenberg et al., (1989); Ross Broh, (2000) cited that, the level of self-esteem is widely recognized as a central aspect of psychological functioning and well-being and is strongly related to many other variables. White (2002) stated that If a problem is not biological in origin, then it will almost always be traceable to poor self-esteem. In fact, many psychotherapists have noted a direct relationship between self-esteem and mental health (Rogers, 1961; Coopersmith, 1967). Research has also shown that low self-esteem is associated with various psychological and behavioral problems. For e.g. Leary, (1999) suggests that, low self-esteem is related to a variety of psychological difficulties and personal problems, such as substance abuse, loneliness, academic failure, teenage pregnancy, and criminal behavior. People with low self-esteem tend to attribute any successes they have to luck rather than to their own abilities. Those with high self-esteem will tend to attribute their successes to qualities within themselves (Covey, 1989). Baumeister his colleagues (e.g., Baumeister, 1993; Baumeister, Smart, Boden, 1996) found that behaviors and outcomes are often more variable for people high in self-esteem than for people low in self-esteem. Previous literature suggests that low self-esteem is associated with possible risk factor like depression, low self-esteem, anger, and anxiety. Self- esteem is a complex, multi-dimensional construct with multiple sources, and has other facets as potential risk factors for depression (Kwan et al., 2009). Researchers such as, Carlson, Uppal, Prosser (2000) reported that low self-esteem, in general, is of concern because of its association with depression, suicide, delinquency, substance use, and lower academic achievement. Carpenito-Moyet (2008) suggests that low self-esteem may be an indicator of susceptibility to depression, which is an important predictor of suicidal tendencies. Harter Marold, (1994) suggests that low self-esteem has been associated with depression and suicidal ideas. Roberts Monroe (1994) proposed a general theoretical account of the role of self-esteem in depression. They acknowledged that low self-esteem has often been proposed as a risk factor that creates a vulnerability to depression, but concluded that in research, level of self-esteem has failed to emerge as a robust predictor of the onset of depression. They proposed that vulnerability to depression accompanies unstable self-esteem (i.e., self-esteem that is prone to fluctuate across time), as well as self-esteem based on relatively few and unreliable sources. It is well-established that high self-esteem is related to positive adjustment, general well-being and mental health in adolescence and also to fewer internalizing and externalizing problems (e.g. Ouvinen- Birgerstam, 1999; Steinhausen and Winkler Metzke, 2001; Ybrandt, 2008). Further literature suggests that, mental health problems of adolescents may be caused by a negative psychological trait, such as low self-esteem (Hurrelmann Losel, 1990). A Correlational data implicate low self-esteem in a host of social and academic problems, including poor school achievement, aggression, substance abuse, eating disorders, and teenage pregnancy (Dawes, 1994; Mecca, Smelser, Vasconcellos, 1989; Scheff, Retzinger, Ryan, 1989). Rosenberg (1985) pointed out that there is a relationship between self-esteem and depression. Adolescents with low self-esteem report more depression than those with a higher self-esteem. The evidence of the relationship between low self-esteem and a higher rate of depression in adolescents was further supported in subsequent studies (Byrne, 2000; Kim, 2003). Self-esteem is related to numerous emotional states. It has been linked to anxiety and depression in the clinical literature (Mineka,Watson, Clark, 1998), to pride and shame in the developmental literature (Tangney Fischer, 1995), to happiness and contentment in personality psychology (Diener Diener, 1995), and to anger and hostility in social psychology (Bushman Baumeister, 1998; Kernis, Grannemann, Barclay, 1989). Self-esteem provides a fundamental role in the behavior and mental health of adolescents. There is some evidence that the mental health problems of adolescents may be caused by a negative psychological trait, such as low self-esteem (Hurrelmann Losel, 1990). According to Bandura (1986) social adjustment, activity engagement, goal direction and self-confidence, and the presence of anxiety are all elements in a childs development and functioning that are influenced by his/her self-esteem. Many other researchers like Bolognini, et al., (1996); Harter (1999); Hoffmann, Baldwin, Cerbone, (2003); Kaplan, (1996); Stacy, et al., (1992) also emphasized self-esteem is an important indicator of general well-being and adolescents with lower levels of self-esteem often experience negative outcomes, including depression, anxiety, substance abuse, and dissatisfaction with life. According to Piko Fitzpatrick (2003) consistent with a resilience framework, scholars suggest that self-esteem serves as a protective factor by insulating youth from stress that stems from negative life events, and specifically, protecting against depression. Melnyk et al. (2006) found that adolescents with high self-esteem have a strong belief in their ability to engage in a healthy lifestyle. People with high but unstable self-esteem score higher on measures of hostility than do people with low self-esteem (whether stable or unstable), whereas people with high but stable self- esteem are the least hosti le (Kernis, Grannemann, Barclay, 1989). It may be important to emphasize that apart from General Well-Being, personality constructs, like high self-esteem have been shown to act as protective factors against psychopathology in adolescents (McDonald OHara, 2003). Dew Huebner (1994) found that well-being forms significant positive associations with self-esteem measures. In Pakistan, Riaz, Bilal Rizwan, (2007) found that self-esteem is significant predictor of aggression and specifically physical aggression and anger were significantly predicted by low self-esteem. With respect to emotional and social consequences, anger has been associated with increased anxiety, reduced self-esteem, damage to social relationships (Deffenbacher et al. 1996), and depression (Picardi et al., 2004). Many researchers have explored ways that socially structured inequality shapes an array of emotional/mental health outcomes, usually depression or anxiety (McLeod and Nonnemaker 1999; Turner et al. 1995) and, more recently, anger (Ross and Van Willigen 1997; Schieman 1999). One of the major reasons of psychological problems like low self-esteem, depression, and anger among adolescents of minority status is due to prejudice and discrimination of the society. Sociologists who study emotions have sought to document and describe the emotional correlates and consequences of social stratification (Smith-Lovin 1995). Adolescents of minority status are subjected to an array of derogatory and unpleasant experiences. All these experiences result in negative self-evaluation. According to Jacques Chason, (1977) minority or low status groups judge themselves as a group less positively than the member of the majority or high status group. All the researches cited in the literature review of the study, however, indicate that a Western evaluation of adolescents self-esteem, depression, and anger is hard to replicate for the indigenous adolescents minority population of Pakistan. Research on minority adolescents in Pakistan is negligible and hardly provides any basis for valid assertion about the state of affairs and the remedies, if ever adapted by authority figures, to improve the mental well-being of the target population. This study will highlight issues related to minority adolescents self-esteem, depression, anger, and will shed light on the ways mental well-being of the target group can be improved.

Leadership and Groups: FMC Green River Essay -- Business Leading Essay

Leadership and Groups: FMC Green River Background FMC is and has been a successful company for the last fifty-six years. First originated in 1948 and produced 1.3 million tons of various grades of soda ash a year. The success of the first business brought about a second refining plant in 1953, which was completed in 1970. FMC Aberdeen, located in South Dakota with a population of 30,000 is also a successful subsidy of FMC. FMC Aberdeen employs one hundred people, produces one product, which is a missile canister for the U.S. Navy. FMC Green River managed by Mr. Dailey, produces various chemicals, has over 100 domestic and international customers, 1,150 employees, creates several products and works closely at times with the United Steel Workers of America. Situational Awareness Aberdeen has a great structure for the ability to create quickly various small work teams such as informal groups or self managed work teams that allow the group to focus on improving a specific process. At Aberdeen the small groups gather, choose their own leader, poll together ideas and come up with a solution to specific problem. Once a solution is found the team disbands. Since Aberdeen’s company is smaller and its employees create a family atmosphere, the role relationships between the people in the groups have a strong personal bond. This basic idea will also work at FMC Green River but will require some modifications. At Green River, if they follow the same concept, then the small groups that gather to solve a specific problem must also remember that what effects one decision in the process they are improving may have a devastating impact on another division of the same company since the company produces different products. Quickly creating teams on the spot for resolut ions to specific problems as done at Aberdeen is much easier when only dealing with one product for one customer. At FMC Green River, where there are several products being produced and over 1,150 employees, trying to incorporate small teams when the need arises will work but some restrictions may have to be applied. I would suspect more division of labor and command groups would be better suited due to the possible impact of a decision by one team, which may significantly influence another part of the organization. The culture created at Aberdeen in terms of the small groups gathering ... ...llow up on the new process on the results and make a final report or provide information on additional improvements. I’m not sure if this is done at Aberdeen. Since the number of managers should be limited, it would be advisable to allow the leaders of groups (if the leaders rotate) to counsel in a positive or negative way the group members performance. This will better and more accurately document performance to be used for yearly reviews for pay increases or promotions. Also by allowing the leaders to counsel it will build on their management skill and confidence. But, all members of the teams should have this opportunity by rotating the leaders as done at Aberdeen. Green River could use the advances of technology to create virtual teams to support the overall mission of Green River. I think the managers of the different areas and not for the small work teams should use it. Works Cited: J. M. George and G. R. Jones, â€Å"Organizational Behavior,† 3rd ed. (Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2001) J. G. Clawson, â€Å"FMC Aberdeen from Practical Problems in Organizations: Cases in Leadership, Organizational Behavior and Human Resources,† Custom ed (Prentice Hall, 2003)

Empiricism & human knowledge Essay

Empiricism is a notion that is derived from epistemology studies in philosophy that is centered on nature and limitation of our human knowledge (Kenny 36). The proponents in empiricism school of thought assert that the main source of human knowledge is through our sensational experience. In other words, what a man may claim to know is purely from experience with environment (Kenny 218). However, approaching this argument holistically need to consider some fundamental questions that prove worth informing the argument: What is the nature of propositional knowledge? How can we gain knowledge? And what are the limits of our knowledge? These question though less informative and may not give the full parameters and modality of the argument, it help to move further and creates a well investigative argument. In this regard, the paper central thesis shall be: Does all our knowledge come from experience? If not, where does it come from? And how can we prove that as necessary truth? The question of human knowledge derivation in field of epistemology has been a controversial issue with both rationalists and empiricists pulling toward each others side. However, as the paper shall be concluding it shall be quite evident that no side can stand alone in the proving ground for human knowledge. Since upon exploring each side of the competing explanations, it comes out clearly that human experience is necessary component in attaining knowledge yet at the same time its insufficient condition that can facilitate knowledge gaining. Therefore, this validates the essence that empiricism can not be self explanatory subject content without input and insight from rationalism school of thought (Kenny 41). In regard to Philosophical argument of empiricism, two juxtaposing positions do assist to answer this question. I find it difficult to neither accept nor deny the fact that empiricists assert that our knowledge comes from our experience because we are born as a ‘tabula rasa’. This is the light that some phenomenon experience can not be affirmed by sense experience alone. For instance, when a blue candle is placed on the table and observes with eyes and affirmed that it is a candle since the sense tells and confirm its solid and hard; then when the same candle is placed close to the flame and melts down; using the same sight observation it is difficult to affirm that the liquefied wax is the same blue candle. Basing on this example, it becomes challenging to entrust the experience as a source of understanding that strange phenomenon that challenges our senses to derive knowledge (Bonjour 273). Therefore, in such case rationalist gain a score in the sense that is only through reason that the individual observing the instance can affirm that the liquid was is the same candle in liquid form. Contrary at the same time the knowledge of changing states of wax shall be gained through sight and not reason, though reason facilitate construction and conceptualization of such concept. Evidently the two competing positions have a problem. According to Aune’s (1970) presentation of Plato’s dialogue â€Å"meno† give me an interesting position in his attempt to support rationalism that instead gives insight to validity of empiricism. Plato gave an example aimed at asserting that he met a slave boy who had mathematical knowledge (basic arithmetic); this should be innate. This is because according to him, knowledge from reason is eternal and do not change while that fro experience does. Using that example it is not true that lack of mathematical knowledge to that slave boy validates lack of mathematical experience. This is in the sense that even abstract mathematical concepts are centered on real figures or objects that does exist. For instance, the relationship given by Pythagoras’ theorem is a proposition that expresses a relation between the sides of a right angled triangle. Thus, the knowledge of these kinds of propositions can be discovered purely by thinking but an individual must in his or her earlier stages of learning been exposed or seen the figure of a right angled triangle, which is something that actually exists in the universe. On the contrary, the propositional knowledge about relation of sides of height, base and hypotenuse can be discovered purely by thinking, without the need to attend to anything that actually exists in the universe. This implies that empiricism is the basis on which reason can advance the knowledge gained primary to other higher understanding forms in such arenas as the sciences of geometry, algebra, and arithmetic. On the other hand, matters of fact as a second category object of human reason cannot be established like matters of relations as individuals lack strong grounding to think them as true. Instead, the opposite of every matter of fact is possible since it does not imply a contradiction and is easily conceived by our minds. For example, saying â€Å"the sun will rise tomorrow† is logical and has no more contradictions to saying â€Å"the sun will not rise tomorrow†. Basically, saying that the sun will not rise tomorrow is no less logical a proposition and implies no more contradiction, than the assertion that it will rise. As a result, it will be futile to try and prove its falsehood. If it can be proven false, it would imply a contradiction, and could never be clearly conceived by the mind. Thus, empiricism scores in knowledge that regards maters of fact as opposed to the knowledge of the relational of ideas. Human knowledge acquisition does not need prior reasoning to acquire, but comes from our experience of finding, connecting and inferring that particular objects are constantly associated with one other. For example, if a man is presented with an object that is new to him, no amount of reasoning about its perceptible qualities will enable him to discover it rather than observing, touching and smelling it so that he can conform to already formed knowledge base, or accommodate it as a new object discovered (Hume 173). If next time the same person comes into contact with this object again, thinking can help to connect the object to the past event and claim to know the object. This can be demonstrated by a stranger to fire and moving water; from the light and warmth of fire, one cannot assume that they can be burnt or cannot infer that the fluidity and transparency of water can drown him or her respectively. Thus, such knowledge can only be established if there are incidences that an individual was burnt by fire or drawn fast moving water, which forms the basis of knowledge which is taught. Based on this example, it follows that the qualities of an object that appear to the senses cannot reveal the causes or effect nor can reason, unaided by experience, ever draw any conclusion about real existence which constructs our knowledge. Consequently, it can be seen that experience enables us to know the cause-effect relation which enables us construct the knowledge base. For example, when burnt by fire, one will know its effect and when seeing someone light a fire, one will understand the cause. The reasoning faculty should be seen as the tool that aids in connecting past and present events and facilitate the making of inferences to already existing knowledge derived from experience. From the arguments it is however increased my difficult to neither assert nor deny the thoughts that emanate from empiricism school of thought. Thus, it is evident that experience is necessary to our knowledge acquisition but insufficient mechanism in knowledge gaining and application to different situation. It is in this line of thought that I assert that experience is truly a source of our knowledge for instance language acquisition which a basic foundation of other knowledge acquisition. In conclusion, from various argument discussed and exemplary illustrations the proposition that knowledge discoverable not by reason but by experience is true. Firstly, there are past examples of objects that were once unknown to us and from experience, we now know what would arise from those objects. This is totally in contrast to the objects we have never been in contact with. Secondly, events that are not much like the common course of nature are also known only by experience. For example, without prior knowledge, nobody could guess that magnets attract or gunpowder explodes. Thirdly, when an effect is believed to depend on a secret structure of parts, we tend to attribute all our knowledge of it to experience.Yet, we highly depend on the reason for the connecting, construction, affirming and making inferences. Work cited Aune, B. , Rationalism, Empiricism and Pragmatism: An Introduction, New York: Random House, 1970. Bonjour, L. , In Defense of Pure Reason, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998. Hume, D. , An Inquiry Concerning Human Understanding: Indianapolis, Bobbs- Merrill, 1955 Kenny, A. , Rationalism, Empiricism and Idealism, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1986.